Jiājiàn shēng / Jiājiànshēng (-)
original: 加键笙
Literal translation: 加: "added"; 健: "key(s)"; 笙: "mouth organ"; According to Thrasher, a "fully chromatic instrument that can be played in 8 or 9 keys [i.e. scales; ws]. During the 1950s, models with 24 and 26 pipes were most common (Zhao Dezhen, 1957¹); At present [i.e. 1998; ws], the instrument normally has 34, 36, or 37 pipes (Hu Dengtiao 1982²); NB¹: [赵 (Zhào) [德镇 (Dézhèn) ?; ➺ NB³], »二十六簧加键笙的改革经过 (Èrshíliù huáng jiājiàn shēng de gǎigé jīngguò)« [The reform process of the 26-reed keyed shēng], in 人民音乐 (Rénmín Yīnyuè [Folk music]), (May), 1957, p.40-41; NB²: [胡 (Hú) / 扈 (Hù) 灯条 (Dēngtiáo) ?; ➺ NB³], »民族管线乐法 (Mínzú guānxiàn yuèfǎ)« [A method for national wind-string ensembles], Shanghai, 1982, p.49-50; NB³ (accountability): Both authors are Thrasher's sources, but from the romanised spellings without Pīnyīn diacritics it is impossible to decide on the correct Chinese characters ["Zhào" and both "Hù" and "Hú" represent surnames; Dezhen and Dengtiao are first (given) names and as such not listed in dictionaries [The Chinese spelling I decided upon, is based on their translations (Dézhèn: "calm kindness"; Dēngtiáo: "light" [from a lantern]), which seem to agree with the atmosphere in which traditional Chinese first names are usually chosen; ws].
中国 [Zhōngguó]: 中国音乐词典。中国艺术研究院音乐研究所 «中国音乐词典» 编辑部 编 [Zhōngguó yīnyuè cídiǎn. Zhōngguó Yìshù Yánjiū Yuàn Yīnyuè Yánjiū Suǒ «Zhōngguó yīnyuè cídiǎn» biānjí bù biān; Chinese music dictionary, compiled by the Chinese Art Research Inst., Music Research Inst., "Chinese music dictionary" editorial board]. 北京 [Běijīng], 1984, plate 32*.
Blench, Roger: The history and distribution of the free-reed mouth-organ in SE Asia (presented at the 14th EurASEAA meeting, Dublin, September 2012 (Draft submitted for proceedings, 2012), p.7 (jia jian sheng).
Thrasher, Alan R.: Sheng. In: The Garland encyclopedia of world music (7): East Asia (ed. 2002).
ws (linguistics [➺ Dictionaries, &c.])汉英词典 (Hàn Yīng cídiǎn) / A Chinese-English dictionary. 北京 [Běijīng], 1985, p.321, 334 & 613 [NB (surnames): ➺ p. 284 (Hú), 286 (Hù), 881 (Zhào)].