Phagotus (Phagotum) (m)
(with) definite article: ? [il?]Bagpipe, bellows-blown: nr. of stocks? (double chanter / [additional] drones? [in ? stocks])
Invented 1532 by Afranio Degli Albonesi, Ferrara; NB¹: Even though Afranio himself calls the instrument a Phagotus, several authors refer to it as Phagotum, instead; Cocks oddly calls it Phagotum as well, but refers also to the spelling Phagotus, mentioned by a Mr. Lyndesay Langwill in a BBC broadcast in 1956; NB²: A full description (in Italian) of the instrument has been provided by Luigi-Francesco Valdrighi, in Memorie della Reale accademia di scienze, lettere ed arti in Modena, serie II, Vol. XI (Modena, 1895); NB³: Teseo Ambrogio Degli Albonesi (1469-ca. 1540)] includes a “descriptio ac simulachrum phagoti Afranii” [Illustrated description of the phagotum of Afranio] in his »Introductio in Chaldaicam linguam, Syriacam atque Armenicam et decem alias linguas« (M.D.XXXIX [1539], p.178-180); NB4: In his »Histoire de l’instrumentation depuis le seizième siècle jusqu’à nos jours« (Paris, 1878), Henri Lavoix informs us that Ambroise Thésée [sic] refers to a phagotus [sic], and that “As far as one can judge from his drawing, the instrument had 10 holes and 4 large keys”, [and] “As it was, it had a sound far superior to that of oboe basses”, adding Teseo’s testimony "Hoc phagoto, si Marsyas ille arrogans adversus Apollinem usus olim fuisset, facile crediderim musarum ignominiam non sustinuisset." [If that arrogant Marsyas had used this phagotus against Apollo, I would easily believe that he wouldn't have to endure the ignominy of the Muses." (?); ws]; NB5: Enigmatically, Lavoix refers to Afranio as the "beau-père" [i.e. stepfather, or father-in-law] of Ambrogio, whereas Ambrogio himself refers to Afranio as his uncle! ["Afranij patrui mei"; ➺ Internet source]; NB6 (➺ sources): Note Montbel's 2 misleading spellings of Afranio's name!
Fontanella, ·? (chanter [Term not mentioned in available sources]), ·? (reed, single, heteroglot [Term not mentioned in available sources])
• Show players and builders of this instrument
Sachs, Curt: Real-Lexikon der Musikinstrumente: zugleich ein Polyglossar für das gesamte Instrumentengebiet [Berlin, 1913]. Hildesheim, 1964 [facsimile] (Phagotum; »Albonesi).
Širola, Božidar: Sviraljke s udarnim jezičkom [Aerophones with a beating tongue]. Zagreb, 1937, p.372 (phagotum).
Meer, John Henry van der: La sordellina: organologia e tecnica esecutiva. In: Baldano: Libro per scriver l’intavolatura per sonare… (1995), p.74 (Phagotum; »Degli Albonesi (Teseo Ambrogio), »Cocks).
Wilzek, Ernst: Die Barock-Musette: vom Schäferinstrument zum Virtuoseninstrument. In: Tibia (s.l., 1995;3), p.503 (Phagotum).
Wilzek, Ernst: Die Barock-Musette: vom Schäferinstrument zum Virtuoseninstrument (La musette barocca: da strumento di pastori a strumento per virtuosi: sommario di Antonietta Caccia su traduzione di Gabriella Potito). In: Utriculus V;4 (20), ottobre/dicembre 1996, p.12 (Phagotum).
Cocks, William A. [Alfred]: The Phagotum: An attempt at reconstruction. In: The Galpin Society Jl. 12 (May 1959) (»Langwill: Phagotum/Phagotus).
Gioielli, Mauro: La zampogna: storia di uno strumento musicale. In: Utriculus VIII;4 (32), ottobre/dicembre 1999, p.19, 20 (caption to ill. 13) (Phagotus).
Gioielli, Mauro: Nihil difficile volenti: il phagotus, la prima cornamusa a mantice (... the first bellows [i.e. "belllows-blown" (ws)] bagpipe). In: Utriculus XI (44), ottobre/dicembre 2007, p.5-19 (48) (Phagotus; NB: ➺ ill. (p.6 & 8): Phagoti [genitive]).
Utriculus 2;3 (7), luglio-settembre 1993, Miscellanea zampognara, p.38: "La prima cornamusa “a mantice” (?)" (Phagotum; »La nuova enciclopedia della musica Garzanti (Milano, 1983), p.553).
Gioielli, Mauro: La zampogna: storia di uno strumento musicale. In: Utriculus VIII;4 (32), ottobre/dicembre 1999, p.19, 20* (Phagotus).
Utriculus, nuova serie XVII (55), I semestre 2018, Miscellanea zampognara, p.83-88: “Antiche zampogne” (p.86: Il phagotus).
Utriculus, nuova serie XVII (56), II semestre 2018, Miscellanea zampognara, p.117-118: “Hoc phagoto” (»Lavoix, p.111-112).
Montbel, Eric: Les cornemuses du Massif Central: Autour de la cabrette. In: Ricros (et al.): La cabrette… (2017), p.107 (phagotus d’Affriano [sic]).
Montbel, Eric: Les musettes de Cour dites aussi «musettes baroques». In: Ricros (et al.): La cabrette… (2017), p.160 (phagotum d’ Afriano [sic]).
ws (linguistics [➺ Dictionaries, &c.]).