NB¹: ➺ homonyms, &c.; NB²: The plural form occurs in a rhyme (short verse) by D. Giuseppe Ajello from Bisignano, cited by Leopoldo Pagano, in his chapter "Bisignano", in »Il Regno delle Due Sicilie descritto ed illustrato« a cura di F. Cirelli (Napoli, 1853-1858), vol. XI, fasc. 1, num. progr. 18; NB³: Mentioned as ciaramelle [sic] in “Accanto a Cosenza" (racconto) by Raffaele Martire, in »La rivista europea«, anno I, vol. IV, fasc. I (Firenze, 1870), Gioielli (editor of Miscellanea zampognara) interprets it as a bagpipe, but in my perception it could be considered, with equal ambiguity, to be a shawm, accompanied by a tummarino [tambourine] which traditionally is a quite common duo in Southern Italy.