Term used by Carmine Salamone.

1 piece only; Stopped; Scaldaferri fails to provide us with information regarding its bore; Sizes of 3 different instruments measured vary from 120-190 mm; Ranges of its plagal scale (noted in G, but the actual pitch can be slightly sharp or flat): f¹-f♯¹-g¹-a¹ (tuning employed by Carmine Salamone and Agostino Troiano), f♯¹-g¹-a¹-b¹ (instrument built by Leonardo Antonio Lanza), and f♯¹-g¹-a¹ (tuning used by Pasquale Ciancia, who never closed the 4th fingerhole); Scaldaferri’s effort to merge these into 1 system (ex. 10) is acceptable, but his use of the term "facoltativo" (optional) can best be qualified as questionable.
NB: Example(s) to be replaced with staff-notation.

Manxhinta [e]