Tuning-hole(s); Added to allow fingerholes of a comfortable diameter, and more or less equal distances between them; A lowest fingerhole too close to the end or bell of a tube would cause diameter / distance problems for the other holes; NB¹: In Sachs erroneously translated as "Griffloch" [fingerhole]; NB²: ➺ Rupa.

When the lowest fingerhole is bored relatively high up the chanter, the interval between the open/closed hole must be adjusted with 1 or more ventholes.

Pitch-hole(s), Tuning-hole(s)