Šapar / Šăpăr
original: (шапар / шăпăр)
Bagpipe, mouth-blown: 1 stock (single chanter + drone) / no additional drones
Chuvash people; Upper Volga region; Etymological connection possible with Persian Saipur, Hebrew Shofar, Arabic Sāfūre; Originally very popular, now cultivated by amateur musicians; NB¹: ➺ Sarnaj; NB²: ➺ Puzyr’ (Mordvinians), and Šüvyr (Mari).
Атлас музыкальных инструментов народов СССР = Atlas of musical instruments of the peoples inhabiting the USSR [1963]. Вертков, Константин А. (Vertkov, Konstantin A.) / Благодатов, Георгий И. (Blagodatov, Georgij I.) / Язовицкая, Эльза Э. (Jazovickaja, El’za E.). Москва (Moskva), 1975 (2), p.71 (Шапар) / 208 (Shapar).
Салмин, Антон Кирилович [Salmin, Anton Kirilovič]: Чувашская волынка шăпăр (по материалам иллюстративных фондов МАЭ РАН) (Chuvash bagpipe shapar (based on materials from the illustrative collections of the MAE RAS)). In: Sbornik MAE, LХVI (coll. Кунсткамер); 2 (2019), p.272-279 (Шăпăр/Shapar).